Welcome you here
Important notice
Dear friend,
These very tiny parts of notes are taken form various sections form Chotiwala's Notes. For complete notes and guidance please order today.
Best of luck
Tomorrow is yours
Yours truly,
Dr. Sanjay Kr. Singh
M.S. (Ay), D.Yo., I.M.S. B.H.U., Gold Medalist
Consultant Surgeon & Oncologist
.
vk;qosZn dk bfrgkl
lEiw.kZ vk;qosZn okaXe; rhu dkyksa esa foHkkftr gS
:-|
Øe la[;k |
dky |
vof/k |
|
vkfn dky |
bZlkiwoZ ls 7oh 'krh | |
|
e/; dky |
8 oh 'krh ls 15oh 'krh | |
|
vk/kqfud dky |
16 oh 'krh ls vkt rd |
lqJwr
,oa d';i ds vuqlkj czãk us l~f.V jpuk ls iwoZ vk;qoZsn dh jpuk dhAv"Vkax g`n; ds vuqlkj czãk us vk;qosZn dk Lej.k fd;kA
czãk us czãlafgrk dk fuek.kZ fd;k ftlesa ,d yk[k ’yksd ,oa ,d gtkj v/;k; És, ,oa vk;qosZn dks vkB Hkkxks esa foHkkftr fd;kA –
çkphure okM-e; osn gSA osn dh la[;k pkj gS &
1. _Xosn, 2. ;tqZosn, 3. lkeosn, 4. vÉZosn
çkphure osn
_Xosn gSaAesa lw;ZfpfdRlk] tyfpfdRlk] vfXufpfdRlk ,oa ok;qfpfdRlk dk o.kZu gSA
_Xosn esa yxHkx 50 vkSÔ/k nzO;ksa dk o.kZu gSA ;Ék vk;fr, vkrlh, vkdklh, vatu, v’ouh, vkjrh, foYo, x`grkih, çk.k, ikd, nwokZ okrl, f’kykph, f’k’kik, flfrdk, bR;kfn, vkSÔf/k dk o.kZu vkSÔf/k lwDRk esa feyrk gSA _Xosn esa vf’ouh dqekjksa ,oa bUnz ds fpfdRlk dkS’ky dk o.kZu gSA
vf’ouh dqekj }; gS & uklR; ,oa nJA vf’ouh dqekjksa us n/khfp ls e/kqfo|k o ço.;fo|k çkIr dhA e/kqfo|k vxa çR;kjksi.k ¼çk.k fo|k½ ,oa ço.;fo|k dVs flj dks tksM+us dh dyk gSA _Xosn esa vf’ouh dqekjksa ds fpfdRlk dkS’ky bl izdkj gS &
n/khfp dk flj gVk dj ÄksM+s dk flj yxk;k] iqu% n/khfp dk flj yxk;k ¼Transplantation & plastic surgery½] jktk [ksy dh dU;k dks yksgs dh Vkxa ¼Prosthesis implantation ½ yxkuk] _tzk’o, Hkx, ijkod, dÕhoku dks vk[ksa ¼Opthalemic½ o dfy, P;ou, nhÄZrek, ’;kOk, tgzq, ,oa dÕhoku dks ;wok ¼Rejunartion therpy½ cukuk] cf/kzerh o jktk eku dk cU/;kRo¼Antisterlity ½ nwj djuk, okenso dk izlo djokuk bR;kfnA
bUnz ds fpfdRlk dkS’ky & vikyk dk peZjksx o firk dk [kkfyR; nwj djuk, Jks.k dks xfr, ijko`t dks n`f"V nsuk bR;kfnA
_Xosn esa jksx & jkt;{ek, vfg, Ik`"Bke;, ân;jksx, ckf/kZ;, vU/krk vkfn dk o.kZu gSA
_Xosn esa oS| dks fHk"kd~, j{kksgk rFkk vehopkru dgk x;k gSA
_Xosn esa okr] fiÙk ,oa dQ dks f=/kkrw dgk x;k gSA
_Xosn dk miosn /kuqosZn gSA
_Xosn dk dky yksdekU; fryd us e`xf’kjk ,oa iquoZlq u{k= ds vk/kkj ij
4000 & 6000 bZlkiwoZ ekuk gSA pj.kO;qg ¼O;kl½ ,oa izLFkkuHksn esa vk;qosZn dks _Xosn dk miosn ekuk gSAds nks mifoHkkx gS &
1.
’kqDy ;tqosZn,
2. d`".k ;tqosZn
’kqDy ;tqosZn esa yxHkx
56 vkSÔ/k nzO;ksa dk mYys[k fd;k gS tSls vdZ, vykcq, vtZqu, djhj, v’okg, pksjd, tkoj, eSfFkd bR;kfnA
;tqosZn esa v’kZ, ’kksFk, ’yhin, ân;jksx, dq"B, cykl jksx bR;kfn dk mYys[k gSA
;tqosZn dk miosn LFkkIkR; osn gSA
esa vkS"k/k nzO;ks dk vHkko gSA lkeosn dk miosn xkU/koZosn gSA
esa yxHkx
150 vkS"k/k nzO;ksa dk mYys[k gSAvFkoZosn dk miosn vk;qoZsn dks ekuk x;k gSA
vFkoZosn dh Hks"kt fo|k dk rhu fnu rd v’oes/k ;K esa xk;u fd;k tkrk Fkk ¼eSDlewyj ds vuqlkj vk’oyk;u o ’kk³[kk;u esa½A
vFkoZosn esa
360 vfLFk;ka crkbZ xbZ gSAosn esa o:.k ,oa ’krfHkÔd u{k= dks vk;q";iznkrk dgk x;k gSA
ds
4 foHkkx gS%&¼1½ lafgrk, ¼2½ czkgzk.k, ¼3½ mifuÔn, ¼4½ osnkax
lafgrk%& oSfnd eU= okyk Hkkx
czkã.k%& blesa eU= dh O;k[;k dh xbZ gSA blds rhu mifoHkkx gS % ¼1½ czkã.k, ¼2½ vkj.;d, ¼3½ mifuÔn
vkj.;d% okuizLFk vkJe esa jg dj v/;;u fd;k tkuk ¿pjd lafgrk ¼vfXuos’k rU=½ dks blds vUrZxr j[kk tk ldrk gSAÀ
mifu"kn% xq: ds ikl jg dj f’k"; cqf) ls Ik<+k tkus okyk ¼lqJqr lafgrk dks blds vUrZxr j[kk tk ldrk gSA½
lafgrk, czkã.k, vkj.;d deZdk.M iz/kku gSA
mifu"kn Kkudk.M iz/kku gSA
osnkax ds 6 vax gS & ¼1½ f’k{kk, ¼2½ dYi, ¼3½ O;kdj.k, ¼4½ NUn, ¼5½ fu:Dr, ¼6½ T;ksfr"k
czkã.k xzUFk 7
gS & ¼1½ ,srjs; czkã.k, ¼2½ dkS"kkrdh czkã.k, ¼3½ ’kriFk czkã.k, ¼4½ rSfRrjh; czkã.k, ¼5½ rk.M~; czkã.k, ¼6½ NkUnksn; czkã.k, ¼7½ xksiFk czkã.kczkã.k xzUFkksa esa _rqlaf/k dky esa jksxksa dk gksuk fo’sk"kr% crk;k gSA
czkã.k xzUFkksa esa prqfnZd vks"kf/k;ksa dk o.kZu gSA
prqfnZd vks"kf/k;ka gSa %&
|
¼1 ½ lqxfU/kr¼ 2½ fe"V nzO;¼ 3½ iqf"V dkjd¼ 4½ jksxuk’kd nzO; |
dslj , dLrqjh, vxj, rxj, pUnu, tk;Qy, byk;ph,’kdj , ’kgn, nky, Nqgkjs, fdlfel?kh , nw/k, ngh, Qy, dUn, vUudwB , fxyks; |
mifuÔn dh la[;k 11 gS & ¼1½ bZ’k, ¼2½ dsu, ¼3½ daB, ¼4½ iz’u, ¼5½ eq.Md, ¼6½ ek.MwD;, ¼7½ rSfRrjh;, ¼8½ ,srjs;, ¼9½ NkUnksn;, ¼10½ o`gnkj.;d, ¼11½ ’osrk’ojA
NkUnksn; mifu"kn esa ikek jksx dk o.kZu gSA
mifu"kn dky 1000 & 2000 bZlk iwoZ ekuk tkrk gSA
vFkoZosn dh 9 ’kk[kk;sa gS% & ¼1½ iSIiykn, ¼2½ rkSn, ¼3½ ekSn, ¼4½ ’kkSudh;, ¼5½ tkty, ¼6½ tyn, ¼7½ czãon, ¼8½ nson’kZ, ¼9½ pkj.k oS| A buesa ls dsoy ’kkSudh; o iSIiykn ’kk[kk miyC/k gSA
vFkoZosn ds 5 dYi lw= gS%&¼1½ ’kkSud, ¼2½ oSrku, ¼3½ u{k= dYi, ¼4½ vkafxjl dYi, ¼5½ ’kkfUr dYiA
vFkoZosn dk czkã.k xksiFkczkã.k gSA
vFkoZosn ds rhu mifu"kn gS%&¼1½ iz’u, ¼2½ e.Mwd, ¼3½ ek.MwD;
vFkoZosn dk ,d uke vFkokZf³Xkjl Hkh gSA
d’;Ik us vk;qosZn dks iape osn dgk gS ,ao osnksa dks gkFk esa vaxqfy;ka vkSj vk;qosZn dks vaxq"B crk;k gSA
_Xosn ,ao vFkoZosn ledkyhu osn gSSaA
vFkoZosn esa Hks"kt ds Ik;k;Z vFkokZ ,ao izfr"ks/k ekuk gSA
Hks"kt 4 gS %& ¼1½ vkFkZo.kh, ¼2½ vafxjl, ¼3½ nSoh, ¼4½ ekulhA
Oksnksa esa nsooS| gS %& :nz, vfXu, bUnz, o:.k, ek:r vf’ouh};A
czãoSorZ ds vuqlkj iape osn iztkifr us cuk;kA
|
enuiky |
enuikyfu?k.Vq |
14 oha’krh |
vkS"k/k ds 13 oxksZ esa vafre oxZ esa feJd oxZ esa fdlh nzO; dk o.kZu ugh | |
|
:nzHkV~~V |
vk;qosZn fnfidk |
14 oha’krh |
"’kkjax/kj ij fVdk | |
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i`Fohey |
dkSekjHk`R; |
14 oha’krh | ||
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vfHkuo pUnz |
v’kSo oS| |
14 oha’krh |
fuokl & dukZVd | |
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eaxyjkt |
fo"kfpfdRlk [kxsUnz ef.kniZ.k |
14 oha’krh |
fuokl & vkU/kz izns’k | |
|
oklojkt |
oklojkth;e |
15 oha’krh |
fyaxk;r ¼ohj’kSo½ er ds laLFkkid , 25 izdj.k, nf{k.k Hkkjr dk mRre laxzg xzUFkA | |
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f’konkl lsu | ||||


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dS;nso |
dS;nso fu?k.Vq ¼iF;kiF;kfu?k.Vq½ |
15 oha’krh |
fuokl & xqtjkr , 9 oxZ, vkgkj fogkj dk foLrkj ls mYys[k, u;s oxZ & ¼1½ fogkj ¼2½ ukukFkZd oxZ ¼ Ik;k;Zokpd½ | ||||
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czgekuUn f=ikBh |
pjdpfUnzdk , vth.kZ eatjh, e/kq/kkjk¼foeyk½, nhfidk, LoLFko`re~, vuqokn pfUnzdk, izlqfr foKku, L=h jksx foKku, dkSekj Hk`R;,"’kkykD; rU=, O;ogkj vk;qosZn fo/kh, oS/kd fo"k foKku ,oa vxnrU= |
20 oha’krh | |||||
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j.kthrjk; nslkbZ |
vk;qosZnh; fgrksins’k , funku fpfdRlk gLreyd,"’kjhj fdz;k foKku, vk;qosZnh; inkFkZ foKku |
20 oha’krh | |||||
|
;knoth fodzeth |
vk;qosZnO;kf/k foKku , jlve`r, fl) ;ksx laxzg, nzO;xq.kfoKku] ;kno Le`fr xzUFk |
20 oha’krh | |||||
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nRrk=s; vuUr dqyd.khZ |
jl jRu lEeqPp; ij fo|ksruh fVdk , inkFkZ fofu’p; |
20 oha’krh |
20 oha’krh dk vafre egRoiw.kZ O;k[;kdkj | ||||
dqN egRoiww.kZ iqLrdsa ,oa muds jfp;rk
|
ijes’oj |
okD;iznhfidk | |
|
ia o fo’olsu |
foKkFkZ izdkf’kdk | |
|
HkV~~V ujgfj |
okXHkV [k.Mu e.Mu | |
|
nkeksnj |
ladV eatjh | |
|
jkekuqtkpk;Z |
vkU/kz fVdk | |
|
;’kksnk uUnu ljdkj |
iznhi vk[;k | |
|
HkV~V Jho/kZeku |
ljksnoj | |
|
Oklnso |
vUo;ekyk ¼lqcksf/kuh½ | |
|
Jhd.B |
vYicqf) izyksHku | |
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Gfjnkl |
fpfdRlk pUnzksn; | |
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HkkofeJ |
enu funku fVIi.k | |
|
gjnso |
:xfofu’p; | |
|
Hkokuhlkg |
:xfofu’p; ¼fVdk½ | |
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pUnzjkt Hk.Mkjh |
oukS"kf/k pUnzksn; | |
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nqxkZ izlkn ’kekZ |
oukS"kf/k ’krd | |
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mes’kpUnz xqIr |
oS|d’kCn flU/kq | |
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jkethr fo’odekZ |
oSfnd lafgrk esa ’kY; fpfdRlk ,d v/;;u | |
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izHkkdj tuknZu ns’kik.Ms |
"’kY; rU= esa jksxh ijh{kk | |
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dfo ckydjke ’kqDy |
ladzked jksx foKku | |
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f’kodj.k ’kekZ Nkaxk.kh |
fl) iz;ksx rkfydk | |
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’;kelqUnjkpk;Z |
jlk;u lkj | |
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j?kohj ’kj.k ’kekZ |
vk;qosZn izorZd nsork | |
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je.knkl egkR;kxh |
;ksx dk oSKkfud jgL; ,oa ;ksfxd fpfdRlk | |
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f’kopj.k /;kuh |
;ksx vkSj vk;qosZn | |
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jktdqekj f}onh |
cfLr’kykdk izos’k | |
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tkÐoh izlkn tks’kh |
f’kykthr foKku | |
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vo/k fcgkjh vfXugks=h |
HkS"kT; dYiuk foKku | |
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f’konRr ’kqDy |
nzO; xq.k eatq"kk | |
|
lqjsUnz eksgu |
vk;osZfn; ;U= ’kL= ifjp; | |
|
Lin Zhengeai |
How to live a long happy & properious life | |
|
W. Griffith |
Icones plantarum asiaticarum, Palms of british east India | |
|
Julius jolly |
Indian medicine | |
|
F. I. stevdal |
Nomenclature botanicus | |
|
D. Stein |
The natural remedy book for women | |
|
Allen young |
Path to asian medical knowledge | |
|
W. Dymark |
Pharmographica India | |
|
Mark bricklin |
Practical encyclopedia of natural healing | |
|
Royals |
Civilization in India | |
|
Kith |
History of Sanskrit literature | |
|
Denis stuwert |
A history of religion | |
|
Gerini |
History of dentistory | |
|
P. O. dabloo |
A history of ancient Sanskrit literature by max mullar | |
|
E. A. wallis budge |
Babilonium life & history | |
|
H. G. Rawilson |
Intercourse between India & western world | |
|
w. Hamilton |
History of medicine |
dsfUnz; gsYFk ,oa ifjokj dY;k.k jkT;ea=h ¼orZeku --------------------------------------------- ½
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mifoHkkx | |
|
¼ 1½ ’kkldh; |
¼ 2½ v’kkldh; |
|
lfpo ¼LokLF; ,oa ifjokj dY;k.k eU=ky;½ |
6 vk;qosZn fo’ks"kK, 3 nzO;xq.k fo’ks"kK |
|
dsfUnz; lfpo¼LokLF; ,oa ifjokj dY;k.k eU=ky;½ |
1 QkekZ fo’ks"kK, 1 jlk;uK, 2 flf), |
|
la;qä lfpo ¼LokLF; ,oa ifjokj dY;k.k eU=ky;½ |
1 okuLifr’kkL=h, N. I. A. dk funs’kd |
|
funs’kd dsfUnz; vk;qosZn fl) fjlpZ desVh¼ izFke funs’kd P.N.V. Kuroop½ |
jk"Vh; fl)’kkL= dk funs’kd , dsfUnz; fl) fjlpZ lfefr |
jk"Vh; ,oa vUrjk"Vh; la?kVu
WHO
¼ WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION ½ & 7 vizSy 1948 dks 61 ns’kksa dk lewg¼orZeku la[;k --------------------------½,
WHO day & 7 vizSy, dsfUnz; dk;kZy; & tusok
6
{ksf=; bdkbZ rFkk nf{k.k bdkbZ & Hkkjr ¼ubZfnYyh½1978
& vYekvkVk ?kks"k.kk ¼ lcds fy;s LokLF; 2000½dqN egRoiw.kZ if=dk,a
|
dz olao |
if=dk |
ys[kd |
dky |
LFkku |
|
fHk"kx foykl |
1893 |
"’kksykiqj¼ejkBh½ | ||
|
oS| dYir: |
tVk’kadj yhyk/kj |
1894 |
vgenkckn¼xqtjkrh½ | |
|
vkjksX; lq/kkfuf/k |
Jh ukjk;.k’kekZ |
1901 |
dydRrk¼fgUnh½ | |
|
vkjksX; lq/kkdj |
eqjyh/kj’kekZ |
1901 |
Qk:[kuxj | |
|
ln~oS|dksLrqHk |
"’kadjnkth’kkL=h |
1905 |
ukfld | |
|
OkS| flU/kq |
ih oMho iafMr |
1905 |
cjksnjk¼xqtjkrh , vaxzsth, déM+½ | |
|
lq/kkfu/kh |
txékFk izlkn’kqDyk |
1909 |
bykgkckn | |
|
ns’kksikdjd , o|ke`r |
Bkdqj nRr’kekZ |
1911 &13 |
ykgkSj | |
|
vk;qosZn ekrZ.M; |
fd’kksjh cYyHk’kekZ |
1912 |
cEcbZ | |
|
vk;qoZsZZn fodkl |
1913 |
<kdk¼caxyk½ | ||
|
vuqHkwr ;ksxekyk |
fo’os’oj n;kyh |
1923 |
bVkok | |
|
/kUoUrfj |
ckadsyky xqIr |
1924 |
fot;x<+ | |
|
vk;qosZn dsljh |
jkes’oj feJ oS| |
1925 |
dkuiqj | |
|
vk;qosZn foKku |
LOkkeh gf’kkuUn |
1927 |
ve`rlj | |
|
oS|lEesyu |
/kUoUrfj Hkou |
1928 |
ubZfnYyh | |
|
jRukdj |
oS|jkt NksVsyky tSu |
1930 |
bVkok | |
|
oukS"kf/k |
pjd’kks/k laLFkku |
1934 |
dk’kh | |
|
vk;qosZn lalkj |
izrki vk;qosZn QkesZlh |
1936 |
ve`rlj | |
|
vk;qosZn dsljh |
f’kojke f}osnh ¼ MLA½ |
1940 |
Yk[kuÅ | |
|
LokLF; lUns’k |
vk;qosZn dk;kZy; fodze |
1941 |
iVuk | |
|
pjd |
lathouh vkS"kk/ky; |
1948 |
vgenkckn¼xqtjkrh½ | |
|
tujy vkWQ vk;qosZn |
oS| vk;qosZn egklEesyu |
1949 |
ubZfnYyh | |
|
vk;qosZn caxyk |
W. B. vk;qosZn QSdYVh |
1952 |
dydRrk | |
|
vk;qosZn |
xkso/kZu’kekZZ Naxk.kh |
1952 |
ukxiqj | |
|
vk;qosZn fodkl |
S. K. oeZu |
1952 |
fnYyh | |
|
vkjksX; |
1953 |
cEcbZ¼ejkBh½ | ||
|
vk;qosZn lUns’k |
lqjsUnz ukFk fnf{kr |
1955 |
y[kuÅ | |
|
x.k fe=d |
oklqnso feJ |
1955 |
tkSuiqj | |
|
lqJqr |
viksyks QkesZlh |
1955 |
cjksnjk¼xqtjkrh½ | |
|
ukxktqZu |
y{ehdkUr ik.Ms; |
1957 |
dydRrk¼vaxzsth½ | |
|
tujy vkWQ fjlpZ bu vk;qosZn ,oa fl) |
dsfUnz; vk;qosZn fl) desVh |
1966 |
fnYyh | |
|
lq/kkfu/kh |
j?kohj izlkn f=osnh |
1973 |
vyhx<+ | |
|
tujy vkWQ vk;qosZn |
cuokjh yky xkSM+ |
1988 |
NIA t;iqj | |
|
thouh; |
ujsUnz egjks=k |
1989 |
y[kuÅ | |
|
okXHkV |
vk;ZoS|’kkyk |
dksfVdksy |
dqN vU; if=dk,a
fujke;k & xqtjkrh, vk;qosZn foKku & xqtjkrh, vkjksX; lUns’k & xqtjkrh, LokLFk; lekpkj & caxkyh, vk;qosZn laXyXu & caxkyh
Dear friend,
As you have seen that the portion of history is important and here most of the portion I have completed. How ever it is not end. You may also have some thing in your mind and use that and update your knowledge with current circumstances yourself.
Important notice
Dear friend,
These very tiny parts of notes are taken form various sections form Chotiwala's Notes. For complete notes and guidance please order today.
Best of luck
Tomorrow is yours
Yours truly,
Dr. Sanjay Kr. Singh
M.S. (Ay), D.Yo., I.M.S. B.H.U., Gold Medalist
Consultant Surgeon & Oncologist